Articulation and Phonology

We need to be mindful of our assessment practices, because this leads to our treatment.


Sensitivity- Percentage of children with an impairment who are diagnosed as impaired
Specificity- Percentage of children with normal skills who are diagnosed as typical


Assessment Procedures

Comprehensive Assessment

• Case history
• Oral mechanism examination
• Hearing screening
• Speech sound assessment (single-word testing and connected speech sampling)
• Severity
• Intelligiblity
• Stimulability
• Speech perception
• Spoken-langauge testing
• Receptive and expressive language assessment
• Phonological processing
• Literacy assessment

Standardized Tests

Articulation Tests

• LinguiSystems Articulation Test (LSAT)
• Arizona - 3
• Goldman Fristoe Test of Articulation (GFTA-3)
• Structured Photographic Articulation Test (SPAT-D)
• Photo Articulation Test (PAT-3)

Phonological Tests

• Khan-Lewis Phonological Test (KLPA-3)
• Bankson-Bernthal Test of Phonology (BBTOP)
• Hodson Test of Phonological Patterns (HAPP-3)

Tests of Articulation and Phonology

• Clinical Assessment of Articulation and Phonology (CAAP)
• Diagnostic Evaluation of Articulation and Phonology (DEAP)

Note: When assessing speech sound disorders, be aware of the child's language and cultural background. The native language of the child may involve different phonemic inventories than standard dialects. This is especially important to remember when administering and scoring standardized tests, as poor results may be a result of dialectical differences and not disordered speech.

For more information regarding Speech Sound Disorders, specifically articulation and phonology refer to the ASHA website HERE.